Jaguar Land Rover plc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Jaguar Land Rover plc - Essay Example JLR has managed to capture markets in North America, UK, Europe and China. JLR has a large sales and distribution network. Jaguar and Land Rover compete in 101 and 174 respectively. Its large distribution network comprises of 18 National Sales Companies, 61 export partners, 83 importers and 2,241 franchise dealers. (JAGUAR LAND ROVER PLC. 2011; BANERJEE, B. 2008) Financial Results: JLR Plc has shown improvement in its financial results over the years. In 2008 when it was acquired it was a loss making company, with the improvement in technology, cost cutting strategies, increased volume, product and market mix and favorable exchange movements Tata Motors has managed to make JLR Plc a profitable business for the group. In 2011, due to its expansion in new markets of China and Russia where demand of premium cars was high, helped improve the company’s performance. An increase in revenue- retail and wholesale both, earning before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA ) and net income have also been recorded in 2011 as compared to previous financial years due to efforts made in development of new products, entering new markets and resulting increase in volumes, decrease in costs and better working capital management. (JAGUAR LAND ROVER PLC. 2011; BANERJEE, B. ... Information could be required about ROI, RI, payback periods of a product etc. Mangers require financial information like revenue and costs to determine profit. In this analysis cost of goods sold is involved which is closely related to inventory management that is an important aspect of management’s work. In an automobile business like JLR inventory management and valuation (completed products and work in progress) is the key to success, holding large inventory increases cost or keeping less inventory results in stock outs, both effecting customers. (DRURY, C., & DRURY, C. 2005) On the other hand JLR managers need information to take routine decisions and also strategic long term decisions. Information is required relating to profitability to know which products to retain and which should be abandoned. Cost information is crucial aspect of the business too. Based on this information managers take decisions about company’s cost cutting strategies and enables them to com pete in highly competitive markets. (DRURY, C., & DRURY, C. 2005) Activity Based Costing: Cost information and its analysis is an important aspect of any business to gain a competitive edge over other business. The breakup of costs and easy, fairer allocation of costs incurred can provide a true picture about the profitability of the products. In automotive business like JR Plc, a large portion of costs are incurred in administrative activities which are difficult to apportion directly to the products. ABC can change the way organization measure their performance and view their performance. (ANDERSON, S. W., & YOUNG, S. M. 2001) Data collection and employee

Seawater Composition and Salinity :: Tides and Salinity

Using the decanted supernatant solution from the precipitation experiment, a wire loop was dipped into the solution. This loop was stuck in the flame from a Bunsen Burner and heated until a flame appeared. The presence of a bright yellow flame confirmed that Na+ was in attendance. Using a cobalt glass as a filter, the loop was examined and a violet flame was present, showing that K+ was also in the supernatant solution. Testing for NH + This test was carried out using the original solution to avoid contamination of ammonium salts from the other procedures. 0.1M NH4CL and DI water were added to a large well on the micro drop tray before drops of 6M NaOH were added. A piece of red litmus paper was put on top of the well and covered with a watch glass. The appearance of an unmarked blue color, a direct result of the release of NH3 gas, on the paper confirmed the existence of NH4+. The experiment was repeated using seawater instead of the 0.1M NH4CL and DI water combination. ! Quantitative Pre-Gravimetric Set Up Test tubes were obtained and labeled using a bl according to which test the sample was intended for Barium) and what depth the sample was obtained at or bottom).All the test tubes were put in a beaker and an oven at 110˚C for half an hour to dry. Once dry th removed and allowed to cool on a test tube rack, as Figure 1: Test tube rack with test tubes Figure 1, before being weighed and their weights rec Silver Halides Gravimetric Analysis The tests tubes labeled ‘Halides Top’ and ‘Halides Bottom’ were taken and 1mL of seawater was added to each. The test tubes were then weighed and their new weights recorded, before 6M Nitric Acid (HNO3) was added to each to acidify it. 0.1M Silver Nitrate (AgNO3) was introduced, causing a white precipitate to form. The solution was stirred with a glass rod and centrifuges for approximately a quarter of an hour. Once complete, another series of drops of 0.1M AgNO3 were added to ensure complete precipitation and the solution was recentrifuged for several minutes. The supernatant solution was decanted into a wast container and DI water was mixed into the precipitate to clean it. The solution was centrifuged, supernatant decanted, and rinsed with DI water once more before being centrifuged and the aqueous solution decanted for a final time. The test tubes were then returned to the beaker and placed back into the oven to dry for a week.

Hybrid Informative

Speech Assignment: Informative #2 Speech Goal: To inform the audience on hybrid cars. Opening: Hybrid cars are much more environmentally friendly than gas only vehicles. There are several different sorts of transportation that one would have never thought of as being hybrid. There are plenty of advantages of having a hybrid over gas only and electric only cars also. Body: 1. What is a hybrid? * 2 or more sources of power that can directly or indirectly provide power. * It usually is a vehicle that is both gasoline and battery powered 2. Types of hybrid’s? Mopeds * Combines power of gas engine with pedal power rider * Locomotives * Pulling trains are diesel-electric hybrids * Buses like Seattle are diesel-electric * They can draw electric power from overhead wires or run on diesel when they are away. * Mining trucks * Diesel-electric * Submarines * Some are nuclear-electric and then some are diesel-electric 3. Kind of hybrid’s? * Series hybrid * Does not have direct conn ection between the engine and the wheels. The engine drives a generator, and then provides electric power for either the batter or the motor. Cylinder to generator or fuel tank; generator to battery or motor; which then transmission * Parallel hybrid * Use electric motors to assist the engine in driving the wheels through the transmission. * Fuel tank supplies gas to the engine and battery that supplies power to the transmission. 4. Advantages? * Verses gas-only modes, hybrid cars gas efficiency double them which provides a significant amount saved * Less pollutant during use – burn less fuel – when being build they were conscious of environmental pollution so they make the vehicles much cleanerClosing Hybrid is the best way to go when you’re choosing a vehicle; it is the best of both gas only and electric only cars. They are even built better than the gas only cars that most of us have. When I get my next car I want a hybrid car for these exact reasons that I h ave stated. Resources/References: http://auto. howstuffworks. com/hybrid-car2. htm http://www. mgstech. net/hybrid-models-around-us-today http://www. wisegeek. com/what-is-a-hybrid-car. htm#

A single gene disorder Free Essay Example, 1000 words

Those who carry two SS alleles suffer from sickle cell anemia (Human Genome Project Information, 2008; Genetics, 2000; Gene Gateway- Exploring Genes and Genetic Disorders, 2005; Gene Gateway- Exploring Genes and Genetic Disorders, 2003). Inheritance pattern of sickle cell trait/disease When both the parents are carriers of the sickle cell disease (carry one normal and one abnormal allele), each of their children have a 25% chance of inheriting two normal genes; 50% chance of inheriting one normal and one abnormal gene and thereby would only be carriers of the sickle cell trait. There is a 25% chance that each child might inherit both the abnormal genes and become individuals with the sickle cell disease (Gene Gateway- Exploring Genes and Genetic Disorders, 2005; National Heart Lung and Blood Institute). The inheritance pattern for the sickle cell disease can be illustrated as follows In the mutated S allele, a point mutation results in the insertion of a hydrophobic valine amino acid instead of the normal hydrophilic glutamic acid in the ÃŽ ² globin gene of the hemoglobin moiety (HBB), found in the short arm of chromosome 11.We will write a custom essay sample on A single gene disorder or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The genetic location of the HBB gene is shown below This insertion results in a change in the three-dimensional structure of the hemoglobin protein upon unloading the oxygen to the tissues resulting in clumping together and sickling of red blood cells (Genetics, 2000; Gene Gateway- Exploring Genes and Genetic Disorders, 2005; Gene Gateway- Exploring Genes and Genetic Disorders, 2003). Mechanism of action The severity of the disorder is most prominent among individuals who carry the recessive allele (SS). The substitution of the hydrophobic valine amino acid results in the presence of an outer hydrophobic region that causes the adjacent hemoglobin molecules to stick to each other. Thus the hemoglobin molecules polymerize, after unloading oxygen to the tissues, to give rise to rigid or rod-like structures that eventually leads to sickling of the cells. When these molecules return back to the lungs for oxygen uptake they depolymerize and assume their native structure. This repeated shunting in their structural configuration leads to rigidity of the cells and in this state they can cause blockages of several small blood vessels which they might enter. This finally leads to oxygen deprivation of the tissue, pain and tissue/ organ damage. In addition to the above, sickling also results in a decrease of the life span of the red cells.